Monday, 21 September 2009

h.w. Camera technique

The lesson before, we deconstructed Shameless (Series 2, Episode 2, 33 - 37 mins), focusing on the representation of Marty's disability through the camerawork.
How is the use of camera work used to present the character Marty in Shameless series 2 episode 2?

In shameless there is a character called Marty who has a disability called tourettes. This is important as we can see how disabilities are represented in TV dramas. However, Marty is represented to be ‘different’, ‘isolated’, ‘unsteady’, ‘vulnerable’ and that people should be cautious around him. Overall Marty is portrayed in a negative way in order to represent his disability to be dangerous towards other people as well as make him look vulnerable, therefore as a character we feel the tension but also sympathise with him.


During the beginning of the first sequence we see a deep focus shot of the three characters including Marty. There is a clear distance between Marty and another character sitting on the sofa, this represents him to be “isolated” and reinforces the idea that he is different from the other characters as he is in the foreground. The camera then cuts to a two shot of two characters having an intense conversation about Marty; this type of shot enforces the idea that Marty is different from them and should be treated cautiously. The camera in this shot is very unsteady, this portrays the realism of the scenario, and there is also a lot of use of mise en scene in this sequence in order to portray the realism of the TV drama shameless.


In the next sequence we see a contrast of colour, as Marty is alone in a dark room wearing dark clothing; this can be linked to the Propp theory where Marty is viewed as the villain. It begins with a cut to a high angle, long shot of Marty, the angle of the shot is also cantered which represents something is not right. This type of shot portrays Marty to be Vilnius and as a prison like theme to it due to him being sat in the dark with a low light from the window to show part of the character. The camera then cuts to a close up shot of Marty’s face, the shows and emphasises Marty’s emotion, which appears to be angry, which therefore reinforces the idea that he is dangerous. We can also see a deep focus shot which emphasises Marty’s Disability and portrays the idea he is vulnerable and should be treated cautiously.


The car sequence clearly enforces the idea that Marty is isolated from everyone else as we can see the 180 degree rule being used; the camera is focused from over Marty’s shoulder onto the other characters, this creates the idea that he has opposition. We then cut to a CU shot of Marty, which shows him to be angry and distressed. In all of the next couple of shots we can see part of the lighter or the lighters glow, this emphasises the idea of it being a motif, it leaves the audience wondering what will happen next as well as building up the tension. We then cut to a crowd shot which portrays the idea that the crisis is over and that the problem has been solved, but then there is a close up of the cigarette falling onto the petrol, this short sequence has had its pacing edited slower in order to create the dramatic impact on the situation. We then see the petrol catch alight and the car blow up; this ensures the audience what is actually happening before zooming in on the characters reactions to the flames. The next sequence is in slow motion in order to emphasise the dramatic impact that has been created. The camera then pans across each of the character’s where Marty looks happy and the others are still stood shocked, this emphasises the clear difference between Marty and the other characters; the panning has been used to emphasise this and show the contrast between them all.


To conclude, the use of camera techniques portray the character Marty in Shameless series 2 episode 2 to be very different and isolated from all the other characters presented. He can also be viewed as dangerous and to be treated cautiously by the other characters due to his disability of tourettes. This is important as we can clearly see how disabilities are presented in TV dramas, in this case it is negatively, however while feeling the tension from the character we as the audience also sympathise as he clearly does not understand due to his disability.

Wednesday, 16 September 2009

H.W how is youth represented in skins series 3 episode 10


  • The strobe light effect at the beggining of the episode reveals the idea of a teenage culture represented as rebelliousness through fast cuts showing flashes of teens dancing, snogging, fighting and drinking. This portrays them to be rebellious and shocking.
  • Effy and Cook are seen in many different shots drinking serious amounts of alcohol, in one scene Effy is drinking straight vodka which represents the idea that she is use to drinking this amount of alcohol where as normally people would not be able to drink such strong amounts of alcohol without mixing it with another non-alcoholic drink.
  • In another scene Freddie is seen smoking a spliff, which represents the drug culture within the youth culture, many teens see weed as nothing serious and see no harm in doing it, and there is Fredie representing this smoking weed while he is supposed to be working.
  • The idea of rebelling against adults is seen in this episode as Effy and Cook have ran away from home in order to be together, we then later see a scene of Effys mum talking about Effys unusual behaviour.
  • The idea of youthful competition is seen many times in this episode. Fredie and Cook compete in a "Granny Race" in order to see who wins Effy as they are both in love with her. Also there is the scene with the bar man's son and Cook fighting for Effy then later competing in the race for Cooks fathers boat or his tab money at the local pub.
  • The idea of youth always having close friendship groups is portrayed alot through this episode, they also have many nicknames for their friends or friendship groups etc, such as JJ calls him and the rest of the boys "the 4 musketeers". The pub owners son's friendship group also use a hand signal to represent their friendship and beliefs... this is like personal handshakes etc.
  • The idea of teenagers being sloby is portrayed strongly, all the characters wear the same clothes throughout the episode (viewed as over a couple of days) even though they are dirty and ripped e.g. Cooks top being ripped and covered in blood from the fight.
  • Rebelliousness is portrayed strongly, mostly through many different fighting scenes, the over use of alcohol, strong and abusive language and the general attitude towards other people.
  • Youth relationships is portrayed very negatively, they seem to be very un-controling, shocking and cause nothing but trouble, this is portrayed by causing friction between the best friends Fredie and Cook. Also portrayed by Cook fighting another lad for dancing with Effy.
  • The idea of Youth looking up to their elders is strongly portrayed, Cook and Effy went to live with Cooks father. Cook soon began getting in trouble with his dad and being viewed as scum e.g scabbing off free drinks at the bar, living off a boat as its cheap, trying to gain respect for his dad by doing wrong etc.

Overall in this series, Youth has been portrayed negatively through the use of representations. Many adults view youth as rebelious for excessive drinking, sleeping around, fighting etc and this is all portrayed strongly through the characters attitudes. However, in the first sequence where the strobe light effect is used, all these representations of the youth culture can be seen, such as the alchohol abuse, fighting, kissing etc, but the one thing that can not be seen is drugs, however the type of music being played can be related to the stereotype of the drug culture as we can see youth dancing, sweating and not caring as they just want to have fun. The skins series also follow the Todoroff theory as at the beggining (the equilibrium) its all fun and happy for Effy and Cook, then there is the disequilibrium when Effy dosnt want to be with Cook as he is in trouble and realises she loves Freddy, then there is the re-equilibrium when the friends are all re-united and Freddy and Effy get back together and they all go home.




Saturday, 5 September 2009

Representations &&+ Signifiers;;


Today we looked at how representations in TV drama clips such as 'Shameless' are created. A representation is a presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image. A Signifier is something that builds up to represent a cerain thing, e.g. a 'chav' could be represented by signifiers such as wearing trackies, hoodies, burberry hats etc. Representations can be created through signifiers such as:
  • Gendre

  • Age

  • Region

  • Disability

  • Race

  • Crime

  • Law

  • Sexualtiy


The TV Drama 'Shameless' use many signifiers to create representations of...

  • Life style

  • Gender

  • Region

  • Crime

  • Family


The signifiers they use for creating the representation of the...

region is portrayed it to be:

  • poor

  • run down

  • typical council estate

  • dodgey dealings

Crime is portrayed to be:

  • a good thing

  • not taken seriously

  • normal and fun

Family is portrayed to be:

  • odd

  • working class

  • unstable

  • likeable


We then watched a clip of the opening sequence to the first episode of the Shameless series to see how the family is portrayed through signifiers. The voice over its self is the main character (Frank) talking, he sounds very common as he uses phrases like "me children" instead of "my children" which could also represent him as being Northern. We then cut to a shot of the main character himself, the camera is unsteady which represents the character as being unsteady himself, he looks drunk or even drugs. There is a lot of unsteady camera movements when Frank introduces his children, this makes the Drama seem more real in orde for the audience to relate to what is happening. It may also represent that the family its self is unstable like the main character Frank. We see a use of the 'fish eye lense' shot when Frank introduces his daughter, this makes the audience focus more on the character and not what is going on around her. There is a lot of irony used between the voice over and the camera technique, the voice over is portraying the family in a positive way where as the camera techniques are presenting the family in a negative way, which creates humour. However, as the audience, we still sympathise with the characters and automaticaly look at them in a positive way.